Labour has urged the government to consider introducing legal limits on sugar, salt and fat-content in food.
Shadow health secretary Andy Burnham said current voluntary agreements with the food industry were not working and the obesity problem was worsening,
He said Labour will soon begin a consultation on how to tackle obesity.
The Department of Health in England said its Responsibility Deal with food companies shows the voluntary approach can be successful.
At its core this is an argument about how best to reduce levels of fat, sugar and salt in our food - through regulation, or collaboration.
The coalition says working with industry through the Responsibility Deal has improved food content and labelling.
But Mr Burnham said the "time has come for new thinking" and asked whether a legal limit on the amount of fat, sugar and salt, especially for foods aimed at children, should be established.
'Helpful to parents'Labour's consultation paper Children, Food and Obesity says parents are primarily responsible for ensuring their children eat healthily, but it argues that government also has a crucial role.
Mr Burnham told the BBC: "This is a problem we can't carry on ignoring. It is storing up great problems for the NHS in the future.
"I think parents need more help to make healthier choices for their children, I include myself here.
Nutritionist Amanda Ursell highlighted five foods that she says could benefit from regulation:
- Breakfast cereals: to reduce high sugar content
- Fruit juice drinks: these are drinks which are not pure fruit juice and can have added sugar - but are confusing to spot among pure fruit juice products
- Ready meals: regulation would stop some brands adding too much salt
- Crisps: caps could reduce salt levels
- Biscuits, cookies and cakes: manufacturers might be encouraged to rethink levels of fat
"A lot of the time people don't realise just how high in fat, salt and sugar some of these products are, even when you're trying to make healthier choices.
"The industry needs to show more responsibility and come forward with products that are going to be helpful to parents in making the right choices," he concluded.
Recent NHS data has indicated that a third of children in England are either overweight or obese by the time they leave primary school, putting them at greater risk than ever before of developing serious problems such as diabetes and cancer.
The party says measures could include a 30% cap on sugar content in cereals aimed at children - significantly lower than in several well-known brands.
Mr Burnham denied Labour were promoting a "nanny state", insisting parents must "decide for themselves" on food choices for their children.
"I'm not talking about banning anything... my argument is, shouldn't we just bring down those fat, salt sugar levels to make them more healthier than they are?" he added.
'Business pledges'The consultation will also consider tighter restrictions on marketing and improving access to healthy food.
The Department of Health in England says the Responsibility Deal has succeeded in cutting fat, sugar and salt in foods.
A spokesperson said: "Our successes so far clearly demonstrate that the voluntary approach can work and we now have over 400 partners in the responsibility deal.
"We are working to reduce the amount of salt in food further, cut saturated fat consumption and we are exploring how to promote healthier food choices more widely. We also want more businesses making pledges so we get bigger results ."
The Food and Drink Federation also said collaboration between business and government had been a success.
"Through voluntary commitments, manufacturers have made significant progress in reducing salt, saturated fat and calories in their products. Salt levels have reduced 9% since 2006 and some manufacturers have introduced calorie caps in particular for snacks and soft drinks."
However, former regional director of public health, Professor Gabriel Scally, said the voluntary "collaboration" between food companies and the government was not working.
Speaking to the BBC he said: "I don't anyone in this country actually thinks that the food industry are the right people to decide what we should be eating."
Professor Nick Finer, who co-authored a recent report on obesity by the Royal College of Physicians, said legislative measures had already worked in other European countries.
"In French schools food and drink is controlled and all marketing of foods high in fat, sugar and salt is banned unless they are taxed and marketed with a health warning.
"Studies have shown that following these measures, the number of overweight children in France has dropped from 18.1% in 2000 to 15.5% in 2007."
Nutritionist Amanda Ursell said introducing legal limits on food could be "incredibly useful" if it meant "manufacturers are encouraged to reformulate their products" and market in "a responsible way".
Speaking to BBC News she said: "Children's food up to the age of one is closely regulated - so you know they won't have too much sugar, salt or fat. But at the age of one those regulations disappear.
"It's a slow process and the food industry has done quite well over the years, but this would be an extra incentive to go one stage further."
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