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The BBC's Ben Brown reports on clashes between pro and anti-Morsi demonstrators on the fringes of Tahrir Square
The United States and United Nations have expressed concern about Friday's violence in Egypt following the overthrow of President Mohammed Morsi, in which 30 people died.
The US state department urged Egypt's leaders to put a stop to the violence. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon called for demonstrators to be protected.
More than 30 people died and hundreds were hurt in the clashes, it emerged.
The army removed Mr Morsi on Wednesday following protests by millions.
He is in detention, along with some senior figures of his Muslim Brotherhood movement.
Early on Saturday, state media reported the Brotherhood's deputy leader Khairat el-Shater had been arrested at his Cairo home on suspicion of incitement to violence.
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Middle East analyst Sakhr al-Makhadhi: "Morsi's removal was in some ways a democratic coup"
Meanwhile the army issued a statement on its Facebook page denying that some of its field commanders were putting pressure on the commander-in-chief to reinstate President Morsi.
"These rumours... come within the context of the continued attempts to spread rumours and lies as one of the methods of the systematic information warfare being waged against the armed forces with the aim of dividing its ranks and striking at its strong cohesion...," the statement said.
In a separate development, former president Hosni Mubarak appeared in court on charges of corruption and involvement in the deaths of protesters during the 2011 revolution that ousted him and ultimately brought Mr Morsi to power.
The trial was adjourned until 17 August.
'Horrifying reports'The US state department issued a condemnation of Friday's violence.
"We call on all Egyptian leaders to condemn the use of force and to prevent further violence among their supporters," spokeswoman Jen Psaki said in a statement.
Mr Ban's spokesman Farhan Haq said that it was for the people of Egypt to determine the way forward - and all people, including women, needed to be part of that process.
He referred to "horrifying reports of sexual violence".
"The Secretary-General believes strongly that this is a critical juncture in which it is imperative for Egyptians to work together to chart a peaceful return to civilian control, constitutional order, and democratic governance," Mr Haq said.
"Egypt's political leaders have a responsibility to signal, by their words and their actions, their commitment to a peaceful and democratic dialogue which includes all of Egypt's constituencies, including women."
The comments came as at least 12 people died and 200 were injured in the Mediterranean city of Alexandria, mostly from gunshot wounds. Eight died in two separate clashes in the capital Cairo.
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Jeremy Bowen witnessed the shooting, and was also hit by shotgun pellets above the ear
Four of those were killed after troops opened fire on crowds as they advanced on the headquarters of the Republican Guard, where Mr Morsi is believed to be held.
In the evening, another four died when Brotherhood supporters surged across the 6th October Bridge over the Nile river, towards Tahrir Square where anti-Morsi protesters were gathered.
Late on Friday, tanks arrived at the bridge to separate the clashing protesters and the violence died down.
'No arbitrary measures'There were clashes in other parts of Egypt on Friday.
Islamist attacks on the Sinai peninsula left five police and one soldier dead, security officials said.
The Health Ministry said one protester was killed in the central city of Assiut, and one in Suez. Another three people died in the Suez Canal city of Ismailiya.
Ahead of Friday's protests, the army command said it would not take "arbitrary measures against any faction or political current" and would guarantee the right to protest, as long as demonstrations did not threaten national security.
On Thursday the head of Egypt's constitutional court, Adly Mahmud Mansour, was sworn in as interim head of state, and he promised to hold elections soon.
The next day Mr Mansour dissolved the upper house - or Shura Council - which had been dominated by Morsi supporters and had served as the sole legislative body after the lower house was dissolved last year.
The Tamarod [Rebel] movement - which organised recent anti-Morsi protests - had accused the ousted president of pursuing an Islamist agenda against the wishes of most Egyptians, and of failing to tackle economic problems.
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Key players in the Egyptian crisis
Q&A: Crisis explained
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