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Juba's military hospital has more than 1,000 patients in its 130-bed facility
Talks to end the fighting in South Sudan have opened in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa.
Government and rebel negotiators have been speaking to mediators but have not yet met face-to-face.
However, there is no sign of an end to the fighting between supporters of President Salva Kiir and sacked deputy Riek Machar, which has killed at least 1,000 people since 15 December.
The US has announced a further cut of its embassy staff in South Sudan.
Analysis
Arriving in Ethiopia last night, the delegation for the South Sudan government has barely had time to rest. Its 14-man delegation has already held meetings with the two regional mediators this morning. Overnight at the same hotel venue, rebel negotiators also met the mediators. Both teams are expecting the talks to last days.
But the Sheraton Hotel in Addis Ababa remains a no-go zone for journalists, perhaps signifying the sensitive nature of the negotiations. The Ethiopian foreign ministry says it is very optimistic that face-to-face talks will begin by Friday evening, although it refused to fix a timeline.
While the African Union has insisted on the talks being African driven, Western nations and the UN are keeping a close eye on them. Already the European Union special representative to the Horn of Africa is in Addis Ababa, with more foreign envoys expected in the coming days.
More than 180,000 people have been displaced in the conflict, and aid workers say many are living without shelter, clean water and sanitation.
Tensions are increasing around the rebel-held cities of Bor, in Jonglei state, and Bentiu, in the northern state of Unity.
A build up of military personnel around both cities has prompted fears that renewed heavy fighting may be imminent as the government attempts to regain control, the BBC's Alastair Leithead reports from the capital, Juba.
One rebel spokesman told Reuters its troops were marching towards Juba, while a spokesman for the government said its forces were closing in to recapture Bor.
Evacuation flightDelegates from both sides began arriving in the Ethiopian capital on Wednesday but talks were delayed until the full negotiating teams had arrived.
Ethiopia's foreign ministry announced in a statement on Friday that negotiations had started.
The BBC's Emmanuel Igunza in Addis Ababa says the rival teams are in the same hotel but are currently in talks only with mediators.
The mediators are preparing the ground for what they hope will be direct talks later on Friday or into Saturday, he adds.
Observers have said the discussions are likely to be complicated, as the two sides will have to agree on a mechanism to monitor a ceasefire.
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Toby Lanzer, UN mission in S Sudan: "Situation continues to be very very volatile"
Meanwhile, the US state department said it had ordered a "further drawdown" of its embassy staff in Juba "because of the deteriorating security situation".
It evacuated a large number of non-essential staff soon after the fighting began on 15 December.
But ambassador Susan Page told Reuters: "We are not suspending our operations. We are just minimising our presence."
However the state department also said that, from Saturday, it would no longer be providing consular services to US citizens in South Sudan.
And it repeated its advice to its citizens to leave the country, announcing a further evacuation flight from Juba "to the nearest safe haven country" on Friday.
"Start Quote
End QuoteA political squabble has become a conflict - and one with nasty ethnic undertones"
The United Nations, however, is flying more staff into Juba to help in the aid effort and to protect civilians' human rights. One official said US staff working for the UN had not been asked to leave.
South Sudan is the world's newest state. It was formed in 2011, gaining independence from Sudan after decades of conflict.
The latest trouble has its roots in tensions that go back to the years before independence, when rebels were fighting each other as well as for independence.
But what began as a squabble between former fighters turned politicians has taken on an ethnic dimension.
Politicians' political bases are often ethnic. President Kiir is from the Dinka community while Mr Machar is a Nuer.
Mr Kiir has ruled out any power-sharing arrangement with his rival in the longer term.
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