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Bashar al-Assad: Geneva "cannot replace political process inside Syria"
UN chief Ban Ki-moon has invited Iran to take part in preliminary Syrian peace talks this week in Switzerland, an offer Tehran has accepted.
Mr Ban said he had received assurances that Iran would play a positive role in securing a transitional government.
But Syria's main opposition group said it would withdraw from the talks unless Mr Ban retracted the offer to Iran.
And the US said the offer must be conditional on Iran's support for the 2012 deal on Syria's transition.
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Ban Ki-moon says Iran "needs to be part of the solution to the Syria crisis"
Analysis
Washington has made it clear that the condition for Iran to participate in the Syria peace process - Geneva II - is that it accepts the outcome of the first Geneva conference of June 2012. UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon believes that Iran understands this condition and thus has issued them with an invitation.
The Syrian opposition has in consequence thrown a question mark over its participation undoing weeks of diplomatic arm-twisting by the US and its allies to encourage them to attend. Now, Britain for one wants Tehran to be more explicit about its backing for a transitional government in Syria. That may be a step too far for Iran.
Geneva II remains in the balance but expectations should in any case be limited. The Western-backed opposition is not hugely representative of the fighting groups on the ground and the Syrian regime is still insisting that President Assad hopes to play a future role.
The Syria peace conference has been more than a year in the making and now it is in disarray before it has even started, reports the BBC's Kim Ghattas.
The UN move appeared to take American officials by surprise, she adds.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has said the absence of Iran from the talks on the Syria crisis would be an "unforgivable mistake", adding that he fully supported Mr Ban's "responsible and principled" decision to invite Iran.
Preliminary talks are due to open in Montreux on Wednesday and then continue in Geneva two days later.
Syria's government earlier agreed to attend the meeting.
Meanwhile, Syrian President Bashar al-Assad told the AFP news agency there was a "good chance" he would run in a presidential election set for June.
In an interview with the agency he ruled out Syria's main political opposition group, the National Coalition, obtaining any ministerial positions in a new government, calling this "totally unrealistic".
The three-year conflict in Syria has claimed the lives of more than 100,000 people.
An estimated two million people have fled the country and some 6.5 million have been internally displaced.
US reservationsOn Sunday, Mr Ban said Iran's Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif had pledged that Tehran would play "a positive and constructive" role in Montreux.
"As I have said repeatedly, I believe strongly that Iran needs to be part of the solution to the Syrian crisis," he added.
And Mr Ban stressed: "Let me be clear - Montreux is not a venue for negotiations. The Syrian parties themselves will begin that process in Geneva on 24 January."
Geneva communique
Issued on 30 June 2012, it sets out a vision for a political transition in Syria that puts an immediate end to violence.
Key steps in the transition are:
- establishing a transitional governing body which could include both government and opposition members
- a process of national dialogue in which all sectors of Syrian society should participate
- a review of the constitutional order and the legal system
- leading to free and fair multi-party elections for the new institutions and offices
Shortly afterwards, Iran said it accepted the invitation. Tehran had earlier insisted it wanted to take part, but without preconditions.
There had been a dispute over whether Iran, a crucial ally of President Assad's, should be taking part in the talks.
The UN and Russia had advocated a role for Tehran, but the US had reservations because of its failure to endorse the 2012 Geneva communique, detailing Syria's political transition process.
Washington is also concerned about Iran's deployment of military personnel in Syria, and its support of Lebanon's Hezbollah movement, which had sent fighters to bolster Mr Assad's forces.
Responding to Mr Ban's invitation, Syria's National Coalition threatened to withdraw from the Geneva talks.
In a tweet, coalition spokesman Louay Safi wrote: "The Syrian Coalition announces that they will withdraw their attendance in G2 unless Ban Ki-moon retracts Iran's invitation."
In a statement, the US state department said Washington viewed Mr Ban's invitation "as conditioned on Iran's explicit and public support for the full implementation of the Geneva communique".
UK Foreign Secretary William Hague echoed those comments on Monday, saying it would be "very helpful" for Iran to publicly back a transitional government.
The National Coalition had only agreed to attend the talks two days ago.
Syrian opposition figures had earlier expressed reluctance to go to Switzerland unless President Assad was excluded from any future transitional government.
Damascus says there cannot be any pre-conditions for the talks.
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