Turkey's foreign minister says it cannot be expected to lead a ground operation against Islamic State (IS) militants in Syria on its own.
Mevlut Cavusoglu also called for the creation of a no-fly zone over its border with Syria after talks in Ankara with new Nato chief Jens Stoltenberg.
Turkey is under intense pressure to do more to help Kurdish forces fighting IS in the strategic Syrian town of Kobane.
Activists say IS now controls about a third of Kobane after fierce fighting.
Monitoring group the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, quoting "reliable sources", said IS was advancing towards the centre of the town from eastern districts.
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Turkey's foreign minister Mevlut Cavusoglu said a no-fly zone was important for humanitarian reasons
Director Rami Abdel Rahman told AFP news agency that a Kurdish militia leader and several of his men were killed when jihadists overran their base in the north-east of the town.
The observatory said 42 IS fighters died in Kobane on Wednesday, including 23 in US-led coalition air strikes. Kurdish forces lost 15 fighters, the group said.
Air strikes continued overnight and into Thursday morning. Plumes of smoke could be seen rising over the town, also known as Ayn al-Arab.
Analysis: Jonathan Marcus, BBC defence correspondentTurkey has often spoken about establishing buffer zones inside Syria - both to protect its own borders and to provide areas where refugees could gather safely. But creating such zones would represent a significant military operation requiring the seizure of defendable terrain.
This might require an incursion into Syria of some significant depth and Turkish forces would immediately become targets for IS fighters.
Turkey has always argued that such a buffer zone must be accompanied by a no-fly zone to protect against the Syrian Air Force. Turkey's thinking was forged at a time when it saw the Assad regime as the main enemy. The US might argue that against IS - which has no air force - such an exclusion zone is irrelevant.
But this all goes to the central differences between Ankara and Washington, with the Turks insisting that the anti-IS campaign must be accompanied by stepped up measures against the Assad regime as well.
The BBC's Quentin Sommerville at the Turkish border tweeted that automatic gunfire could be heard from Kobane and fighter jets were seen overhead.
Sources inside the town told the BBC that militants were burning houses and car tyres in an attempt to obscure the view of coalition jets.
Earlier, a Kurdish leader in Kobane said IS had entered two more districts overnight, bringing in heavy weapons.
Turkey has stationed tanks along its border overlooking the town, but has made no move to intervene.
Mr Cavusoglu was holding talks with Mr Stoltenberg and US envoys on possible Turkish action against IS.
"It is not realistic to expect Turkey to conduct a ground operation on its own," he told a news conference.
"We are holding talks. Once there is a common decision, Turkey will not hold back from playing its part."
The US is leading an international coalition against IS after the group seized swathes of territory in Syria and Iraq, which both share a border with Turkey.
Turkey remains wary of getting involved, partly because it is concerned about arming the Kurdish forces who are fighting the militants. Turkey has fought a long civil war with its Kurdish minority.
Pro-Kurdish protesters demanding Turkish intervention have clashed with police in several cities over recent days, leaving at least 12 people dead.
There was further fighting in Istanbul on Wednesday night with protesters hurling petrol bombs at police, who responded with water cannon and tear gas.
However, the government did win parliamentary authorisation for possible military action last week.
The motion provides a legal framework for the Turkish military to launch incursions into Syria and Iraq against militants who threaten Turkey. It also allows for foreign troops to be stationed in Turkey as part of the same campaign.
Turkey - a Nato member - wants the creation of a border zone or safe haven enforced by a no-fly zone along the Syrian side of its border to stop militants moving across and to ease the influx of refugees into Turkey.
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Turkey's complicated relationship with the Kurds explained
France supports the idea but the White House has said it is "not something that is under consideration right now".
Mr Stoltenberg, speaking in Ankara, said the setting up of a no-fly zone or buffer zone inside Syria has not been discussed by Nato.
The US Central Command said late on Wednesday that eight coalition air strikes had hit targets in Kobane. It said five IS armed vehicles, an IS supply depot and other buildings had been destroyed.
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Jim Muir visits the Iraq-Syria border town of Rabia, to see the damage inflicted by air strikes and IS suicide bombers
But Pentagon spokesman Rear Adm John Kirby warned that "air strikes alone are not going to save the town of Kobane. We know that and we've been saying that over and over again".
He said that ultimately rebel fighters in Syria and Iraqi troops would have to defeat IS militants, but it would take time.
Similar views were expressed by British Foreign Secretary Philip Hammond.
Are you in or near Kobane? If you have photographs or videos or are able to speak to a BBC journalist you can get in contact by emailing haveyoursay@bbc.co.uk.
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